3,812 research outputs found
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Priority, Overreaching and Surprises under the Land Registration Act 2002
Before the advent of title registration, if a transaction was tainted by a vitiating factor, one would ask whether the transaction was void or voidable and, if the former, the nemo dat rule would apply and the innocent victim would recover their title unencumbered by any dealings that the wrongdoer had sought to transact. Now, under the Land Registration Act (LRA) 2002 as it has been interpreted in Swift 1st v Chief Land Registrar ([2015] EWCA Civ 330; [2015] Ch. 602), a victim gets no comfort from the nemo dat rule. If they wish to recover their title, they must instead establish either that they have proprietary priority over the current registered proprietor (under ss. 28 or 29 of the Act) or else achieve rectification of the register under Schedule 4 of the Act. Failing these, they are left with the possibility of an indemnity under Schedule 8 of the Act. In Updating the Land Registration Act 2002: A Consultation Paper (Law Com. No. 227 (2016)), the Law Commission indicate that they would not change the disapplication of the nemo dat rule given that this enhances the central aim of title security (para. 5.35 et seq). Unfortunately, of course, wrongdoing does not diminish just because we look at it differently, and in Mortgage Express v Lambert ([2016] EWCA Civ 555) the Court of Appeal had to untangle the claims of a duped former title holder and the innocent lender that now held a registered charge granted by the wrongdoers. In doing so, Lewison L.J. (with which Gloster L.J. and Cobb J. agreed without addition) considered the interplay between the priority rules and ownersâ powers provisions of the LRA 2002 and the overreaching provisions of the Law of Property Act (LPA) 1925. His conclusions are surprising, revealing and challenging
Four-Dimensional String/String Duality
We present supersymmetric soliton solutions of the four-dimensional heterotic
string corresponding to monopoles, strings and domain walls. These solutions
admit the interpretation of a fivebrane wrapped around , or
of the toroidally compactified dimensions and are arguably exact to all
orders in . The solitonic string solution exhibits an {\it
strong/weak coupling} duality which however corresponds to an {\it
target space} duality of the fundamental string.Comment: 14 page
The Benefits of a Challenge Approach on Match Day: Investigating Cardiovascular Reactivity in Professional Academy Soccer Players.
This study assessed physiological (cardiovascular) and psychological (confidence, control, and approach focus) data in professional academy soccer players prior to performance in competitive matches. A challenge state is characterised by an increase in cardiac output (CO), and a decrease in total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR). Data were collected from 37 participants, with 19 of these providing data on two separate occasions. Performance was measured using coach and player self-ratings. Challenge reactivity was positively, and significantly, associated with performance. Participants who demonstrated blunted cardiovascular (CV) responses performed significantly worse than participants who displayed either challenge or threat reactivity. There was mixed consistency in CV reactivity for those participants whose data were collected on more than one occasion, suggesting that some participants responded differently across the competitive matches. The association between self-report data and CV responses was weak. This study supports previous research demonstrating that challenge reactivity is associated with superior performance
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Adverse possession and criminal liability
As it stands at the time of writing, Clause 145 of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill will make trespassing in a residential building a criminal offence. The Bill â as at 25 April 2012 â is at the âping pongâ stage of Parliamentâs consideration as it goes back and forth between Lords and Commons before the final text is agreed. Next is Royal Assent and it is now certain that this new offence will come to pass given that the final attempt in the Lords to remove it from the Bill or to modify it was defeated on 29 March 2012.
Considers the case of Best v Chief Land Registra
A model for measuring the health burden of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia in adults
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Aim: Patients with classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) have poor health
outcomes. In the absence of a comprehensive observational study, this manuscript provides a
model to estimate the lifetime disease burden of adults with classic CAH.
Methods: The model, built in Excel, comprises sub-domains addressing the health
consequences of CAH, and synthesises evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies on
health outcomes.
Results: The model estimates that adults with classic CAH will implement âsick day rulesâ
(doubling or tripling glucocorticoid and/or use of parenteral therapy) 171 times over their
lifetime, and attend hospital for adrenal crisis on 11 occasions. In a population of 1,000, over
200 will die of a condition complicated by adrenal crisis resulting, on average, in a loss of 7
years of life. CAH patients may also suffer from excess CVD events. Treatment with
glucocorticoids almost doubles the risk of bone fractures in CAH patients compared to the
general population, leading on average to an additional 0.8 fractures per CAH patient over
their lifetime.
Conclusions: The disease burden model highlights gaps in evidence, particularly regarding
intensity of care and adrenal crisis, and the relationship between control of CAH and risks of
CVD, osteoporosis, diabetes and infertility. The model can be used for research on the impact
of new clinical pathways and therapeutic interventions in terms of clinical events and cost.Funded by: European Commission under the Framework 7 programme. Grant Number: HEALTH-F5-2011-281654Diurnal Limited (UK
Testâretest reliability of the irrational performance beliefs inventory
© 2017 European College of Sport Science. The irrational performance beliefs inventory (iPBI) was developed to measure irrational beliefs within performance domains such as sport, academia, business, and the military. Past research indicates that the iPBI has good construct, concurrent, and predictive validity, but the testâretest reliability of the iPBI has not yet been examined. Therefore, in the present study the iPBI was administered to university sport and exercise students (n = 160) and academy soccer athletes (n = 75) at three-time points. Time point two occurred 7 days after time point one, and time point three occurred 21 days after time point two. In addition, social desirability was also measured. Repeated-measures MANCOVAs, intra-class coefficients, and Pearsonâs (r) correlations demonstrate that the iPBI has good testâretest reliability, with iPBI scores remaining stable across the three-time points. Pearsonâs correlation coefficients revealed no relationships between the iPBI and social desirability, indicating that the iPBI is not highly susceptible to response bias. The results are discussed with reference to the continued usage and development of the iPBI, and future research recommendations relating to the investigation of irrational performance beliefs are proposed
Heterotic strings on G_2 orbifolds
We study compactification of heterotic strings to three dimensions on
orbifolds of G_2 holonomy. We consider the standard embedding and show that the
gauge group is broken from E_8 x E_8 or SO(32) to F_4 x E_8 or SO(25)
respectively. We also compute the spectrum of massless states and compare with
the results obtained from reduction of the 10-dimensional fields. Non-standard
embeddings are discussed briefly. For type II compactifications we verify that
IIB and IIA have equal massless spectrum.Comment: LaTex, 21 page
Low-Cost One-Step Fabrication of Highly Conductive ZnO:Cl Transparent Thin Films with Tunable Photocatalytic Properties via Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition
Low-cost, high-efficiency, and high quality Cl-doped ZnO (ZnO:Cl)
thin films that can simultaneously function as transparent conducting oxides
(TCOs) and photocatalysts are described. The films have been fabricated by a facile
and inexpensive solution-source aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition
technique using NH4Cl as an effective, cheap, and abundant source of Cl. Successful
ClO substitutional doping in the ZnO films was evident from powder X-ray
diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass
spectrometry results, while scanning electron microscopy reveals the impact of Cl
doping on the ZnO thin film morphology. All ZnO:Cl films deposited were
transparent and uncolored; optical transmittance in the visible region (400â700
nm) exceeded 80% for depositions using 5â20 mol % Cl. Optimal electrical
properties were achieved when using 5 mol % Cl with a minimum measured
resistivity of (2.72 ± 0.04) Ă 10â3 Ω·cm, in which the charge carrier concentration
and mobility were measured at (8.58 ± 0.16) Ă 1019 cmâ3 and 26.7 ± 0.1 cm2 Vâ1
s
â1 respectively, corresponding to a sheet resistance (Rsh) of 41.9 ΩâĄâ1 at a thickness of 650 nm. In addition to transparent
conducting properties, photocatalytic behavior of stearic acid degradation in the ZnO:Cl films was also observed with an
optimal Cl concentration of 7 mol % Cl, with the highest formal quantum efficiency (Ο) measured at (1.63 ± 0.03) Ă 10â4
molecule/photon, while retaining a visible transparency of 80% and resistivity Ï = (9.23 ± 0.13) Ă 10â3 Ω·cm. The dual
functionality of ZnO:Cl as both a transparent conductor and an efficient photocatalyst is a unique combination of properties
making this a particularly unusual material
The CoQ oxidoreductase FSP1 acts parallel to GPX4 to inhibit ferroptosis.
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is caused by the iron-dependent peroxidation of lipids1,2. The glutathione-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) prevents ferroptosis by converting lipid hydroperoxides into non-toxic lipid alcohols3,4. Ferroptosis has previously been implicated in the cell death that underlies several degenerative conditions2, and induction of ferroptosis by the inhibition of GPX4 has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to trigger cancer cell death5. However, sensitivity to GPX4 inhibitors varies greatly across cancer cell lines6, which suggests that additional factors govern resistance to ferroptosis. Here, using a synthetic lethal CRISPR-Cas9 screen, we identify ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) (previously known as apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondrial 2 (AIFM2)) as a potent ferroptosis-resistance factor. Our data indicate that myristoylation recruits FSP1 to the plasma membrane where it functions as an oxidoreductase that reduces coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) (also known as ubiquinone-10), which acts as a lipophilic radical-trapping antioxidant that halts the propagation of lipid peroxides. We further find that FSP1 expression positively correlates with ferroptosis resistance across hundreds of cancer cell lines, and that FSP1 mediates resistance to ferroptosis in lung cancer cells in culture and in mouse tumour xenografts. Thus, our data identify FSP1 as a key component of a non-mitochondrial CoQ antioxidant system that acts in parallel to the canonical glutathione-based GPX4 pathway. These findings define a ferroptosis suppression pathway and indicate that pharmacological inhibition of FSP1 may provide an effective strategy to sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis-inducing chemotherapeutic agents
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